A lighting plan maps where every light source in a space goes and what it is for. It is usually drawn on the floor plan with symbols for ceiling lights, wall lights, lamps, switches and dimmers.
The three layers
- Ambient light: general illumination so you can move around safely, from ceiling lights, recessed spots or daylight.
- Task light: focused light where you do something, such as a desk lamp, under-cabinet lights in a kitchen or a reading light by a chair.
- Accent light: light that highlights, such as picture lights, shelf lighting or uplighting on a plant or textured wall.
A room that relies only on one ceiling light feels flat; mixing the three gives depth and flexibility.
Key choices
- Color temperature: warm white (about 2700–3000 K) is typical for living spaces and bedrooms; neutral white (around 3500–4000 K) suits kitchens, bathrooms and workspaces.
- Color rendering: a high CRI (90 or more) makes colors, wood and skin look natural.
- Dimming and switching: separate circuits for each layer let you change the mood.
Mistakes to avoid: one central light per room, mixed color temperatures in the same space, and downlights that create harsh shadows on faces. Related: focal point.